Required Topics to Study
1. Second Language Acquisition (SLA)
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Stages of acquisition
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Krashen’s hypotheses
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Interlanguage theory
2. Language Teaching Methodologies
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Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
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Task-Based Learning
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Grammar-Translation Method
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Audio-Lingual Method
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Direct Method
3. English Grammar and Structure
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Sentence structure
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Verb tenses, clauses, conditionals
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Common learner errors and corrections
4. Phonetics and Phonology
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International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
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Stress, intonation, and rhythm
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Teaching pronunciation
5. Curriculum and Syllabus Design
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Needs analysis
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Designing units and lesson plans
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Evaluating textbooks and materials
6. Assessment and Evaluation
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Formative vs. summative assessment
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Designing ESL tests
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Rubrics and feedback
7. Sociolinguistics in Language Teaching
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Language and culture
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Code-switching, dialects, and World English
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Language policy in education
8. Classroom Management in Multilingual Settings
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Strategies for engagement
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Managing mixed-level classes
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Motivation and discipline
9. Educational Technology in TESOL
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Online tools for ESL (e.g., Kahoot, Quizlet)
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Using multimedia in teaching
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Blended learning and e-learning environments
